Poland
Overview
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| SSS Relevance | ⭐ Low (improving) |
| Market Type | Liberalized |
| Key Clean Resources | Wind (growing), Solar (growing), Coal (dominant) |
| EAC System | URE GO Registry |
| Grid Carbon Intensity | ~700-800 gCO2/kWh (highest in EU) |
Poland has Europe's most coal-dependent grid (~70% coal in 2024) with no nuclear power currently. However, Poland has committed to building its first nuclear plants, which could significantly improve SSS potential by 2035+.
SSS Relevance
⭐ Low — Poland currently has minimal SSS potential:
- No nuclear (first plant under construction, expected 2030s)
- Limited hydro (~2% of generation)
- Coal dominance creates one of EU's highest-carbon residual mixes
- Future potential: Westinghouse AP1000 project could add 6+ GW of nuclear
SSS-Eligible Resources
| Resource Type | Capacity/Output | SSS Classification |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 0 MW (under construction) | ❌ Not yet available |
| Hydro | ~2 GW, ~2% | ⚠️ Limited resource |
Nuclear Pipeline:
- Westinghouse AP1000 project approved (3 units, ~3.7 GW, first unit ~2033-2035)
- Additional sites under consideration
Market Structure
Regulator: URE (Energy Regulatory Office)
Market Model: Liberalized wholesale market; retail competition.
Grid Operator: PSE (Polskie Sieci Elektroenergetyczne)
Major Utilities:
- PGE (state-owned, largest), Tauron, Enea, Energa
EAC Infrastructure
Primary System: URE GO Registry
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Registry Operator | URE |
| Standard | EU Guarantee of Origin |
| AIB Member | ✅ Yes — participates in AIB Hub |
| Scope | Renewables |
Emissions Factors
| Source | Value | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Polish Grid Average | ~700-800 gCO2/kWh | Location-based Scope 2 |
| Polish Residual Mix | ~800-900 gCO2/kWh | Market-based Scope 2 |